Meloni’s government is criticized for anti-immigration rhetoric, weakening legal protections, and cultural battles despite perceived stability.
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Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni has achieved an uninterrupted term, placing her among significant national leaders and receiving positive international evaluations for stability and professionalism regarding threats like Russia and support for Ukraine. However, her government faces concerns due to its nationalist-populist and far-right profile, specifically regarding the weakening of the rule of law, media freedom restrictions, anti-ecological policies, and efforts to consolidate power. Despite a seemingly favorable external image, many internal fears have materialized. The country’s standing on the rule of law has dropped significantly, with recent security decrees increasing penalties for protests and expanding police powers against groups like climate activists and pro-Palestinian activists, actions criticized by the European Commission as potentially limiting freedom of expression. Media freedom has declined, evidenced by an increase in SLAPP lawsuits against journalists, and the introduction of a “gag law” restricting reporting on arrests, alongside government interference in public broadcasting, RAI. Culturally, Meloni’s administration promotes conservative narratives by influencing cultural institutions and reducing state funding for film, while also pushing anti-LGBT+ policies, such as limiting parental rights to enforce traditional family structures. Environmentally, her policies delay the transition to climate neutrality, exemplified by postponing the closure of coal plants until 2038, and she opposes EU green regulations. Efforts to strengthen her power include a controversial electoral reform granting bonus mandates to coalitions exceeding 42% of votes, though this faced opposition criticism. Conversely, Meloni’s attempt to reform the justice system was rejected in a referendum. Her anti-immigration rhetoric has led to stricter asylum criteria and complicated procedures for humanitarian organizations. While she has increased visas for non-EU guest workers, she is also pushing measures like banning certain religious symbols in schools. Social policy changes have significantly reduced unconditional support for the poor, replacing it with targeted aid that excludes many needy citizens, leading to high rates of absolute poverty. Furthermore, the government has resisted progressive reforms regarding parental leave. While older generations appreciate her stability, younger Italians criticize her focus on ideological issues over structural economic reforms amidst stagnation and rising costs. Overall, while fears of a full fascist state have not materialized, Meloni’s tenure is far from ideal in practical terms, with critics pointing to stagnant wages, increased job insecurity, and inefficient healthcare.
