Parental leave policies vary globally; balance between mother and father’s roles is key for career continuity.
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Maternity and parental leave policies vary globally, with most countries offering some form of paid maternity leave, which is linked to reduced infant mortality, increased female labor market participation, and higher fertility rates; however, consensus on optimal duration remains elusive. Examples show a wide spectrum, from Sweden’s generous 16 months of paid leave to Switzerland’s 14 weeks for mothers. In Europe, the EU mandates a minimum of 14 weeks of paid maternity leave, while Spain offers 16 weeks with full salary for both parents. Research suggests that reducing the gap between parental leave entitlements for mothers and fathers is crucial for improving women’ long-term career prospects, as relying solely on extended maternal leave is insufficient. Despite policies, many working mothers face challenges; in France, for instance, one in two mothers reduce or stop working after childbirth, often due to difficulties returning to work and perceived lack of corporate support. Furthermore, even with parental leave, women disproportionately shoulder the burden of unpaid domestic labor compared to men across various European countries. Effective policies require a broader support system that includes accessible, affordable, and high-quality childcare.
