Avian flu viruses mutate, posing pandemic risks to humans; experts urge vigilance and strict control measures.
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Experts warn that avian influenza viruses can mutate and adapt to humans, potentially causing a pandemic, necessitating strict control measures to prevent dangers. The avian flu situation is complex across many EU countries, with 75 virus outbreaks and over 5 million birds killed this year, affecting countries including Lithuania. Currently, no new avian flu outbreaks or signs of increased poultry mortality have been recorded in Lithuania, although dead pigeons in the Å ilutÄ— district tested negative for the virus. Authorities advise reporting dead birds immediately and not touching or moving them. Farmers must ensure only healthy birds enter their premises and that transport is disinfected, adhering to biosecurity rules. In areas with avian flu, movement of animals and products is restricted, and trade must only occur with trusted partners to avoid severe national consequences. Avian flu has caused massive damage, such as over 2.6 million domestic birds killed in Bulgaria over the past two years, leading to significant economic losses for the poultry industry. Although Spain currently has controlled cases, experts urge vigilance due to its role as a migratory bird hub and the virus’s ability to adapt to various species. While the risk of human infection from avian flu is currently considered low in Lithuania, European agencies highlight that the virus poses an increasing threat as it can adapt to humans and potentially cause a global pandemic, noting specific genetic mutations that increase this risk. In the US, H5N1 has caused human infections, though transmission between humans is not reported. Currently, the greatest danger remains to animals, with numerous highly pathogenic avian influenza cases reported across Europe, leading to increased risk for other animals and humans. In Lithuania, the first highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreak was confirmed in a commercial farm in the Å ilutÄ— district on January 28, 2025, and another case was confirmed in Krokialaukio, Alytus district, on January 24.
