New fungal species found in Lithuanian forests highlight the importance of old-growth ecosystems for biodiversity.
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A scientist discovered nine new mushroom species in a small area of MoniÅ¡kis forest, highlighting the importance of old-growth forests as indicators of what Lithuanian forests could be without intensive exploitation. These newly found species, which include both microscopic and larger varieties, were discovered quickly in a short-term survey. The text emphasizes that fungi are vital to ecosystems, breaking down organic matter and forming ancient symbiotic relationships with plants. Old-growth forests, like MoniÅ¡kis, are crucial reservoirs of biodiversity, representing a natural state that is increasingly rare. The scientist stresses that human activities, such as logging and clear-cutting, severely damage these ecosystems and the fungi within them. Furthermore, the concept of “old-growth forest” is not formally defined in Lithuania, although efforts are underway to establish this. Internationally, old-growth forests are recognized as unique habitats for rare species, and the European Commission is working to protect these vital ecosystems, which currently constitute less than 3% of the EU’s forest area.
