Workplace injury reports decrease, but professional illnesses rise significantly across all sectors and genders.
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The proposed limit for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons found in industries like steel, iron, and aluminum production, as well as welding fumes, is $0.00007 \text{ mg/m}^3$. For 1,4-dioxane, a solvent used in chemical and textile production and household detergents, the general proposed limit is $7.3 \text{ mg/m}^3$, with a short-term exposure limit of $73 \text{ mg/m}^3$, and a biological limit is also suggested. Special attention is advised for welding fumes due to potentially carcinogenic substances like chromium, nickel, and cadmium. Italian data from INAIL for the first five months of 2025 shows a decrease in workplace injury reports ($-2.2%$) and fatal accidents ($-3.2%$), but an increase in deaths ($+30.5%$). Profession-related illnesses have risen to $42,383$ reports, a $9.0%$ increase compared to the same period last year and $54.8%$ compared to 2019, affecting all sectors: Industry and Services increased by $+8.6%$, Agriculture by $+11.6%$. Geographically, the highest increases were in the South ($+21.1%$) and Northwest ($+17.3%$). From a gender perspective, there was an increase of $2,757$ professional illness reports for male workers and $758$ for female workers.
