EU sees rising female representation in science/engineering, but gaps persist across countries and sectors.
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The number of women working as scientists and engineers in the EU has more than doubled over the last 16 years, reaching 7.9 million in 2024, though they still represent 40.5% of the workforce across all economic activities. While the proportion was higher in high-knowledge service sectors (45.1% and 45.0% respectively), it was significantly lower in manufacturing (22.4%) and other activities (23.6%). Latvia reported the highest percentage of women scientists and engineers in 2024 at 50.9%, while Finland had the lowest at 30.7%. Spain showed high representation in four regions exceeding 50%. Italy’s percentage of women in the field is below 40%, with varying percentages across different regions.
