Poland significantly increases defense spending amid geopolitical threats, modernizing its military through major international arms purchases and domestic production efforts.
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Poland is increasing its defense spending significantly, reaching 4.7% of GDP, which places it fourth in Europe by nominal military expenditure and meets NATO’s 2% of GDP target for the first time this year. Experts suggest these high costs are necessary given the geopolitical situation, particularly the threat from Russia, viewing increased readiness as a deterrent to potential aggression. While Poland is modernizing its armed forces through major purchases from countries like the US and South Korea—including aircraft, tanks, and naval vessels—the process of integrating new equipment takes years. The government also plans to boost domestic ammunition production with a dedicated program. Internationally, other nations are also increasing defense budgets; for example, Bulgaria is modernizing its army with significant US purchases, while Lithuania is focusing on drone technology and local production.
